Q. What Do you know about SharePoint Object Model?
Ans. In Sharepoint Object model there are two Important namespaces.
The
Microsoft.Office.Server namespace is the root namespace of all Office Server objects and
Microsoft.SharePoint is the root namespace for all WSS objects.
Q. Can you develop webparts and other SharePoint solutions at your local machine?
Ans. In order to run and debug sharePoint solutions, the project must
reside on the server which has Windows sharePoint services installed.
However, you can reference the Microsoft.SharePoint dll in your project
at your local, but you won’t be able to run it.
Q. How do you debug SharePoint Webparts?
Ans. To debug SharePoint webpart (or any solution) you can simply
drag and drop your complied .dll in GAC and recycle the app pool. You
can also run upgrade solution command from stsadm.
Q. How would you retrieve large number of Items form the list ?
Ans. To retrieve large number
of items with a better performance we can either use SPQuery or
PortalSiteMapProvider Class. Read More with Examples
Retrieving large number of Items from sharepoint list
Q. How Do you implement Impersonation in ShrePoint.
Ans. By Using
RunWithElevatedPrivileges method provided by SPSecurity class.
See e.g
Impersonation in Sharepoint
Q: What is the performance impact of RunWithElevatedPrivileges?
Ans. RunWithElevatedPrivileges creates a new thread
with the App Pool’s credentials, blocking your current thread until it
finishes.
Q. How will you add Code behind to a Custom Applictaion Page or a Layout Page in SharePoint?
Ans. You do not deploy a code behind file with your custom Layouts
page. Instead, you can have the page inherit from the complied dll of
the solution to access the code behind.
Q. What is the difference between a Site Definition and a Site Template?
Ans. Site Definitions are stored on the hard drive of
the SharePoint front end servers. They are used by the SharePoint
application to generate the sites users can create. Site Templates are
created by users as a copy of a site they have configured and modified
so that they do not have to recreate lists, libraries, views and columns
every time they need a new instance of a site.
Q. Why do you use Feature Receivers ?
Ans. Feature Receivers are used to execute any code on
Activation\Deactivation of a Feature. You can use it for various
purposes.
Q. Can you give a example where feature receivers are used.
Ans. You can use it to assign an event receiver feature to a specific
type of list or can write a code in a feature receivers Deactivate
method to remove a webpart from webpart gallery.
Q. Where do you deploy the additional files used in your
webpart, like css or javascript files, and how do you use them in your
WebPart?Ans. You can deploy the css or
javascript files in _layouts folder in SharePoint’s 12 hive. To use
them in your webpart, you need to first register them to your webpart
page and then specify a virtual path for the file for e.g. _layouts\
MyCSS.css See Code examples at
Using External Javascript, CSS or Image File in a WebPart.
Q: When should you dispose SPWeb and SPSite objects?
Ans. According to the best Practices you should
always dispose them if you have created them in your code. You can
dispose them in Finally block or you can use the "Using" clause, so that
they gets disposed when not required. If you are using SPContext then
you need not dispose the spsite or spweb objects.
Q. What are the best practices for SharePoint development.
Ans. Some of the best practices are:
1. You should always dispose SPsite and SPWeb objects, once you refer
them in your code. Using the "Using" clause is recommended.
2. Use RunwithelevatePrivilages to avoid errors for end users.
3. Try writing your errors to SharePoint error logs (ULS Logs). Since
it’s a bad idea to fill-up event log for your production environment.
4. Use SPQuery instead of foreach loop while retrieving Items from the list.
5. Deploy additional files used in your webpart to 12 hive. Use your
solution package to drop the files in 12 hive. Also, make sure that all
the references (for e.g. Css or .js files) get removed when the solution
is retracted.
Also See :
Best Practices to Improve Site Performance
Q.What is the main difference between using SPListItem.Update() and SPListItem.SystemUpdate()?
Ans. Using SystemUpdate() will not create a new version and will also retain timestamps.
Q. When do you use SPSiteDataQuery ?
Ans. You can use
SPSiteDataQuery when you need to extract data from more than one
list\library in your site colletcion. The data is extracted on the basis
of the query you write and is
returened as a Datatable. You can also specify the GUID for the lists\libraries you want to query against.
Q. How do you create a Custom action for an item in a list ?
Ans. This can be done by adding a new feature into SharePoint. You would need to use customaction tag in your
elements.xml
file and will have to set various properties like imageurl or UrlAction
for your customaction. You can later add this feature into sharepoint
using stsadm install feature command.
Q. How would you bind this CustomAction to a specific list ?
Ans. To do this you can either
create a new list type(again a feature) and use the listtype number for
the new list in your RegistrationType property of the Customaction. The
CustomAction will then show up only for the items of this list type. or
You can create a new content type and then use that content type’s id
in your cutsomaction to bind the custom action to items of just that
content type. Add the new content type to the list where you need this
customaction.
Q. How will you deploy an existing asp.net webapplication or website in SharePoint?
Ans. You would need to wrap the web application in a solution package
in order to deploy it in 12 hive or say ShraePoint. It is recommended
to create a feature first, and then wrap everything in a Solution
package. See example
Depoly a Custom aspx Page in SharePoint
Q. How will you cancel a deployment from central admin -> solution managment, if its stuck at “deploying” or “Error”.
Ans. You can either try to force execute timer jobs using
execadmsvcjobs command or can cancel the dpeloyment using stsadm command
stsadm –o cancaldeployment –id {GUID} command. The Id here would be
GUID of the timer or deployment job. You can get the Id from stsadm
enumdeployment command. This will display all the deployments which are
process or are stuck with Error.
Q. How do make an existing non-publishing site Publishing?
Ans. You can simply activate the SharePoint Publishing Feature for the Site, you want to make publishing.
Q. Can you name some of the tools used for SharePoint Administration?
Ans.
Tools Used for SharePoint Administration
Q. What are Application Pages in SharePoint?
Ans.
Unlike site pages (for example, default.aspx),
a custom application page is deployed once per Web server and cannot be
customized on a site-by-site basis. Application pages are based in the
virtual _layouts directory. In addition, they are compiled into a single
assembly DLL.
A good example of an Application Page is the default
Site Settings page: every site has one, and it’s not customizable on a
per site basis (although the contents can be different for sites).
With application pages, you can also add inline code. With site pages, you cannot add inline code.
Q. What is Authentication and Authorization?
Ans .
An authentication system is how you identify yourself to
the computer. The goal behind an authentication system is to verify that
the user is actually who they say they are.
Once the system knows who the user is through authentication, authorization is how the system decides what the user can do.
Q. How do you deploy a User Control in SharePoint ?
Ans.
You deploy your User Control either by a Custom webpart,
which will simply load the control on the page or can use tools like
SmartPart, which is again a webpart to load user control on the page.
User Control can be deployed using a custom solution package for the
webapplication or you can also the control in the webpart solution
package so that it gets deployed in _controlstemplate folder.
Q. Which is faster a WebPart or a User Control?
Ans.
A WebPart renders faster than a User Control. A User
Control in SharePoint is usually loaded by a webpart which adds an
overhead. User Controls however, gives you an Interface to add controls
and styles.
Q. What SharePoint Databases are Created during the standard Install?
Ans.
During standard install, the following databases are created :
SharePoint_AdminContent
SharePoint_Config
WWS_Search_SERVERNAME%_%GUID_3%
SharedServicesContent_%GUID_4%
SharedServices1_DB_%GUID_5%
SharedServices1_Search_DB_%
GUID_6%WSS_Content_%GUID_7%
Q. What are content types?
Ans.
A content type is a flexible and reusable WSS type
definition (or we can a template) that defines the columns and behavior
for an item in a list or a document in a document library. For example,
you can create a content type for a leave approval document with a
unique set of columns, an event handler, and its own document template
and attach it with a document library/libraries.
Q. Can a content type have receivers associated with it?
Ans.
Yes, a content type can have an event receiver associated
with it, either inheriting from the SPListEventReciever base class for
list level events, or inheriting from the SPItemEventReciever base
class. Whenever the content type is instantiated, it will be subject to
the event receivers that are associated with it.
Q. Can you add a Cutsom Http Handler in SharePoint ?
Ans.
Yes, a Custom httphandler can be deployed in _layouts
folder in SharePoint. Also, we need to be register the handler in the
webapp’s webconfig file.
Q. While creating a Web part, which is the ideal location to Initialize my new controls? Override
the CreateChildControls method to include your new controls. You can
control the exact rendering of your controls by calling the .Render
method in the web parts Render method.
Q. How do you return SharePoint List items using SharePoint web services?
Ans.
In order to retrieve list items from a SharePoint list through Web Services, you should use the lists.asmx web service by establishing a web reference in Visual Studio. The lists.asmx
exposes the GetListItems method, which will allow the return of the
full content of the list in an XML node. It will take parameters like
the GUID of the name of the list you are querying against, the GUID of
the view you are going to query, etc.
Q. How Do you deploy Files in 12 hive when using wspbuilder or vsewss?
Ans.
Typically, you can add these files in the 12 hive folder structure in your project. In Vsewss however, you will have to create this structure manually.
